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311 South Wacker
 

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Looking up from the west along the Chicago River - 2008-7-23 (635761)
(c) Jorge Molina
 
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View from the southwest - 2008-7-23 (192063)
(c) Daniel Kieköwer
 
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Top of the building - 2008-7-23 (197363)
(c) Daniel Kieköwer
 
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View from Roosevelt Road - 2008-7-23 (311311)
(c) Daniel Kieköwer
 
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Identification
Official name 311 South Wacker
Emporis Building Number 117191
 
Location
Address *
Bordering street #1 South Franklin Street
Bordering street #2 South Wacker Drive
Bordering street #3 West Jackson Boulevard
Bordering street #4 West Van Buren Street
Postcode *
Exact Latitude *
Exact Longitude *
Location Map (POI) *
Neighborhood Loop
District Downtown
City Chicago
State Illinois
Country U.S.A.
 
Technical Data
Height (tip) *
Height (struct.) 293 m 961 ft
Height (roof) *
Height (main roof) *
Height (top floor) *
Floors (OG) 65
Floors (UG) *
Floor overview *
Construction start *
Construction end 1990
GFA *
Height Floor-to-floor *
Elevators *
Escalators *
 
Building in General
Type of construction skyscraper
Architectural style *
Status completed

Facts
- World's tallest reinforced concrete building when completed; surpassed two years later by Central Plaza in Hong Kong.
- The building's top is a large cylinder surrounded by four smaller cylinders. One prototype design included four spires around the circumference.
- The five cylinders on top are lit at night by 1,852 fluorescent tubes, creating a light bright enough to compete with the full moon.
- The front lobby is a large two-level winter garden with glazed palm trees and an 86-foot high glass roof.
- Raymond Kaskey's bronze sculpture "Gem of the Lakes" looks over the winter garden from the Wacker entrance. It depicts a large Neptunian figure drying himself over a seashell fountain.
- The lower level of the winter garden was designed to connect via underground passageway to Union Station.
- 311 South Wacker Drive is the tallest building in the world known only by its street address.
- Two towers similar to this one were planned for the lots on either side. Both sites are reserved for future development, and the northwest plot is a temporary park.
- The canopy over the sidewalk in front of the winter garden was added to the building in 2002.
- The lantern at the top changes colors for various holidays and special events.

Companies involved in this Building*
Design architect: Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates PC , HKS, Inc.

Emporis Premium Companies: KONE Inc., KONE Inc..

Other companies: TIAA Realty, Inc., Lincoln Property Company Commercial, Inc., CB Richard Ellis, J.A. Jones, Inc., CECO Concrete Construction, LLC, Brockette Davis Drake, Inc., Cline Bettridge Berstein Lighting Design, Chicago Guarantee Survey Co., STS, Insignia/ESG, Inc., The Prairie Group, HLP Systems, Inc., CIBC World Markets Corporation, Insignia/ESG, Inc..